Search R&P Entries
Yalley, P. P., Osei-Poku, M. and Zievie, P.
4th conference on Sustainability Construction Materials and Technology (SCMT4). Las Vegas, USA August 7-11, 2016
Paper presented:
Predicting the Effect of Palm Bunch Fibres on the Strength Properties of Concrete
Abstract
This research describes experimental studies on the use of palm bunch fibre as enhancement of concrete. The addition of palm bunch-fibres significantly improved many of the engineering properties of the concrete, notably toughness and tensile strength. The ability to resist cracking and spalling were also enhanced. However, the addition of fibres adversely affected the compressive strength. An increase in fibre weight fraction provided a consistent increase in ductility up to the optimum content (0.5%) with corresponding fibre aspect ratio of 125. The increase in toughness, could be attributed to the fact that, the fibre presence in the concrete contributed greatly in offering restrain to early twist in the concrete hence, much energy was needed to debond and stretch the fibres. Palm bunch fibres have been used to enhance concrete, and have proven to improve the toughness and the tensile stress of the concrete of which concrete with fibres as enhancement seems to address. However, the problem of long term durability has not yet been solved in this study. Keywords: palm bunch fibres; compression and tensile strengths; torsion; toughness
This research describes experimental studies on the use of palm bunch fibre as enhancement of concrete. The addition of palm bunch-fibres significantly improved many of the engineering properties of the concrete, notably toughness and tensile strength. The ability to resist cracking and spalling were also enhanced. However, the addition of fibres adversely affected the compressive strength. An increase in fibre weight fraction provided a consistent increase in ductility up to the optimum content (0.5%) with corresponding fibre aspect ratio of 125. The increase in toughness, could be attributed to the fact that, the fibre presence in the concrete contributed greatly in offering restrain to early twist in the concrete hence, much energy was needed to debond and stretch the fibres. Palm bunch fibres have been used to enhance concrete, and have proven to improve the toughness and the tensile stress of the concrete of which concrete with fibres as enhancement seems to address. However, the problem of long term durability has not yet been solved in this study. Keywords: palm bunch fibres; compression and tensile strengths; torsion; toughness
Abroampah, P. M., Boakye, E. and Yalley, P. P. (2015). The Impact of Sofokrom Quarry on River Anankwari. International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), 4,
Abstract
This study assessed the effect of quarry activity on ANANKWARI river in the shama Ahanta East of Western Region. Questionnaire administration and observations were used for primary data collection whilst rainfall and hydrological data were gathered to aid the study. Water quality analysis of samples from upstream and downstream were conducted. Data was statistically analyzed and with reference to WHO guidelines for drinking water, analysis was made. The study identified that the intense operation of quarry in the catchment since 2011 has resulted in the decrease of average annual discharge of 574796m3 in 2009 to 480252m3 in 2012. Physical and chemical parameters of all samples in the downstream showed appreciably statistically different values from respective upstream sampling locations. Most of the physico-chemical parameters such as pH, turbidity, color, temperature etc. of the downstream did not meet the WHO standards. This pollution attributed to quarry operation has affected downstream users causing skin diseases and chronic coughs for consuming the raw water. Public awareness with respect to the need to boil and filter the downstream water before drinking or bathing is significant. A hydro-meteorological monitoring network station must be established within the sub-catchment area to consistently determine the culminated effect. Keywords: Quarry activities, Anankwari river, water quality parameters, discharge, catchment
This study assessed the effect of quarry activity on ANANKWARI river in the shama Ahanta East of Western Region. Questionnaire administration and observations were used for primary data collection whilst rainfall and hydrological data were gathered to aid the study. Water quality analysis of samples from upstream and downstream were conducted. Data was statistically analyzed and with reference to WHO guidelines for drinking water, analysis was made. The study identified that the intense operation of quarry in the catchment since 2011 has resulted in the decrease of average annual discharge of 574796m3 in 2009 to 480252m3 in 2012. Physical and chemical parameters of all samples in the downstream showed appreciably statistically different values from respective upstream sampling locations. Most of the physico-chemical parameters such as pH, turbidity, color, temperature etc. of the downstream did not meet the WHO standards. This pollution attributed to quarry operation has affected downstream users causing skin diseases and chronic coughs for consuming the raw water. Public awareness with respect to the need to boil and filter the downstream water before drinking or bathing is significant. A hydro-meteorological monitoring network station must be established within the sub-catchment area to consistently determine the culminated effect. Keywords: Quarry activities, Anankwari river, water quality parameters, discharge, catchment
Manu I. Y., Asiedu E., Yalley P. P. and Denutsui K. S. (2015). Feasibility of using Cocoa Pod Husk Ash (CPHA) as a stabilizer in the production of Compressed Earth bricks. International Journal of Engineering Research and General Science, 3,
Abstract
Indiscriminate disposal of cocoa pod husks has been a threat to the environment especially in cocoa growing communities thus the need to explore alternative ways of utilizing this waste product. This paper examined the suitability of CPHA as a stabilizer in the production of stabilized earth bricks. Laboratory experiments were conducted on compressed earth bricks to investigate the effects of the CPHA on their compressive strength, dry density, abrasion resistance and water absorption characteristics. The earth bricks were moulded with different percentages of Cocoa Pod Husk Ash consisting of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25%. Using a mould dimension of 200mm x 100mm x 75mm, earth bricks were manually casted and cured for 28 days. Data results showed remarkable improvement in all the properties studied on the earth bricks but varied depending on the ash content. The study also revealed that cocoa pod husk ash can be used as a stabilizer in the production of earth bricks especially when the Cocoa pod husk ash content is 10% by weight as higher ash contents slightly decline the engineering properties. Keywords— Cocoa Pod Husk Ash (CPHA), Stabilization, Earth bricks, Water Absorption, Abrasion resistance, Compressive strength, Cocoa
Indiscriminate disposal of cocoa pod husks has been a threat to the environment especially in cocoa growing communities thus the need to explore alternative ways of utilizing this waste product. This paper examined the suitability of CPHA as a stabilizer in the production of stabilized earth bricks. Laboratory experiments were conducted on compressed earth bricks to investigate the effects of the CPHA on their compressive strength, dry density, abrasion resistance and water absorption characteristics. The earth bricks were moulded with different percentages of Cocoa Pod Husk Ash consisting of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25%. Using a mould dimension of 200mm x 100mm x 75mm, earth bricks were manually casted and cured for 28 days. Data results showed remarkable improvement in all the properties studied on the earth bricks but varied depending on the ash content. The study also revealed that cocoa pod husk ash can be used as a stabilizer in the production of earth bricks especially when the Cocoa pod husk ash content is 10% by weight as higher ash contents slightly decline the engineering properties. Keywords— Cocoa Pod Husk Ash (CPHA), Stabilization, Earth bricks, Water Absorption, Abrasion resistance, Compressive strength, Cocoa
Adogla, F., Yalley, P. P. and Arkoh, M. (2016). Improving Compressed Laterite Bricks using Powdered Eggshells. The International Journal Of Engineering And Science (IJES) || || Pages || PP -65-70|| 2016 ||, 5,
Abstract
Eggshells are notable agricultural wastes indiscriminately disposed on the environment. Coupled with their foul smell they tend to create an unpleasant environment wherever they could be found. As a way of improving this situation, an alternative use for these products have found identified by using it to improve the engineering properties of compressed laterite bricks for masonry purposes. This paper reports the results of a study evaluating the use of powdered eggshells on the compressive strength and durability characteristics of compressed laterite bricks. Laterite bricks were produced with varying quantities of eggshells which comprised of 0%, 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% by weight of laterite. Compressed laterite bricks showed improvements in all the tests conducted after the inclusion of the powdered eggshells. Powdered eggshells were deemed appropriate for improving the general characteristics for compressed bricks although the optimum quantity was attained at 30%. Keywords – Compressed bricks, laterite, powdered eggshells, soil improvement.
Eggshells are notable agricultural wastes indiscriminately disposed on the environment. Coupled with their foul smell they tend to create an unpleasant environment wherever they could be found. As a way of improving this situation, an alternative use for these products have found identified by using it to improve the engineering properties of compressed laterite bricks for masonry purposes. This paper reports the results of a study evaluating the use of powdered eggshells on the compressive strength and durability characteristics of compressed laterite bricks. Laterite bricks were produced with varying quantities of eggshells which comprised of 0%, 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% by weight of laterite. Compressed laterite bricks showed improvements in all the tests conducted after the inclusion of the powdered eggshells. Powdered eggshells were deemed appropriate for improving the general characteristics for compressed bricks although the optimum quantity was attained at 30%. Keywords – Compressed bricks, laterite, powdered eggshells, soil improvement.
Zievie, P. and Yalley, P. P. (2016). Evaluation of the Strength Properties of Soil Bricks Produced with Processed African Locust Bean Waste water as Stabiliser. American Journal of Engineering Research (AJER), 5,
Abstract
A newly proposed concept of soil bricks as masonry units for low-cost environmentally friendly construction is proposed using agro-based waste water obtained from the processing of the African locust bean into local food condiments. Laboratory test system was designed to perform strength and durability test on four types of soil brick mixed with African locust bean waste water (ALBWW) as replacement of portable water and also as soil stabiliser for bricks production. Tests were conducted on strength and durability properties of the specimens. There was an increase of 66% over unstabilised specimens when the soil was fully mixed with ALBWW. The density of the bricks increased from 2120kg/m3 for the soil bricks without ALBWW to 2167kg/m3 when the soil was mixed with ALBWW. The resistance to wear for bricks increased steadily from 6.45cm2/g for bricks without ALBWW as stabilisation to 9.45cm2/g for bricks with ALBWW. The presence of ALBWW reduced the amount of water absorbed by the bricks. The study concluded that ALBWW which is an environmental nuisance can be used to replace portable water and also as stabiliser for masonry units in construction. This then implies that effective utilization of ALBWW as soil stabiliser would reduce the cost of relative durable houses for the rural and peri-urban areas in Northern part of Ghana where locust beans are prevalent. Keywords: abrasion resistance, compressive strength locust bean, water absorption,
A newly proposed concept of soil bricks as masonry units for low-cost environmentally friendly construction is proposed using agro-based waste water obtained from the processing of the African locust bean into local food condiments. Laboratory test system was designed to perform strength and durability test on four types of soil brick mixed with African locust bean waste water (ALBWW) as replacement of portable water and also as soil stabiliser for bricks production. Tests were conducted on strength and durability properties of the specimens. There was an increase of 66% over unstabilised specimens when the soil was fully mixed with ALBWW. The density of the bricks increased from 2120kg/m3 for the soil bricks without ALBWW to 2167kg/m3 when the soil was mixed with ALBWW. The resistance to wear for bricks increased steadily from 6.45cm2/g for bricks without ALBWW as stabilisation to 9.45cm2/g for bricks with ALBWW. The presence of ALBWW reduced the amount of water absorbed by the bricks. The study concluded that ALBWW which is an environmental nuisance can be used to replace portable water and also as stabiliser for masonry units in construction. This then implies that effective utilization of ALBWW as soil stabiliser would reduce the cost of relative durable houses for the rural and peri-urban areas in Northern part of Ghana where locust beans are prevalent. Keywords: abrasion resistance, compressive strength locust bean, water absorption,
