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The purpose of this chapter is to describe a possible best practice to teaching chemistry from a humanitarian engineering perspective. The interest in teaching chemistry by focusing on humanitarian engineering arises from the economic and environmental concerns that the country of this study faces, some of which are poverty, climatic changes, food crisis, inadequate healthcare, water crisis, and pollution. As an educator, there is an interest in educating future generations to be able to cope with environmental changes that face their countries and the world at large. This exposition of a possible new approach with appropriate pedagogies that is presented here may be an answer that underdeveloped, developed, and emergent economies may adopt to close the gap between themselves and other industrialised nations.

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This chapter describes an approach to introduce and teach the concepts of sustainability and humanitarianism as emerging paradigms in a teacher training institution within a discourse on other researchers’ views. The interest in teaching chemistry by focusing on concepts for sustainable development and humanitarianism stems from environmental concerns with plastic wastes, illegal logging, illegal mining, and land degradation, that the country of this researcher is faced with. As educators, we are interested in educating future generations so that they can cope with environmental challenges that their country and other nations face. The microscale approach could be one way out that most developing and emergent economies need to close the gap in acquiring scientific knowledge in an ecologically acceptable manner to save existing spheres and posterity.

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Educationists throughout the world are attesting to the capabilities of ICT for innovations in teaching and learning. There are evidences that integrating ICT into education enhances the learners' creativity and opens up new ways of knowledge acquisition and sharing. ICT is also credited with the improvement of teaching and learning of new skills needed to fully function in the 21st century knowledge society. This research was undertaken to evaluate the current state of ICT integration into the pre-university education and identify the barriers through principal components analysis and make the necessary recommendations. The research utilized both primary and secondary data. The primary data was collected through questionnaires and interviews while secondary data was obtained from reviews of government policy documents and reports. The study found an already existing ICT literacy education in the pre-university educational system in Ghana. There is also increasing access to and knowledge of ICT hardware and services. However, inadequate infrastructure, inadequate technology skills, lack of technical support, and inappropriate content are the challenges militating against effective integration of ICT in schools' curricula. Restructuring the curriculum of the various subjects, in-service training for teachers, integration of ICT into teacher training, and provision of internet connectivity infrastructure and services are recommended.

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Road traffic accidents (RTAs) and associated injuries are a major public health problem in developing countries. The timely emergency pre-hospital care and subsequent transportation of accident victims to the health facility may help reduce the accident and injury outcomes. Available evidence suggests that RTA victims stand a greater chance of survival if attended to and cared for in a timely manner. This exploratory qualitative study set out to explore the experiences of residents of 12 communities along the Kasoa-Mankessim highway in Ghana (an accident-prone highway) in administering emergency pre-hospital care to RTA victims. We utilised data from a purposive sample of 80 respondents (i.e., people who have ever attended to RTA victims) from the communities through structured interview schedules. We found that the majority of the respondents had little knowledge and/or professional training in first-aid and emergency pre-hospital care to RTA victims. The skills and knowledge exhibited were gained through years of rescue services to RTA victims. The “scoop and run” method of first-aid care was predominant among the respondents. We recommend regular community member (layperson first responder) sensitisation and training on emergency pre-hospital care for RTA victims.

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Folktale narration constitutes one of the most significant phenomena in Dagara expressive culture. This paper examines this literary technique which is employed in Dagara to expose some indigenous health practices prevalent in their societies. Okpewho’s narrative techniques formed the theoretical basis of the study. The data consisted of folktales chosen from separate communities from Nandom of northwestern Ghana to reflect diversity. The analysis of the data showed, first, that the major narrative skills used were symbolic language, tone, humour, suspense, mood, dialogue, effective use of body language and histrionic gestures. The second main finding relates to the dexterity and variety of narrative skills employed by the performers. The contribution of the study lies in the fact that traditional health practices that were common in Dagara societies and are now abandoned, are made known through folktale performance. Keywords: Dagara folktales; health practices; narrative structure; narrative language performance

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The inability of the Ghana government to provide homes for its low income citizens have forced many urban dwellers to rent ‘cheap’ homes in poor communities or become care takers of uncompleted houses. Old Fadama, the largest squatter-slum community in Ghana is an example of a poor community which accommodate most migrants in Accra, especially those migrating from Northern Ghana. The paper explores how the community with a population of over 80,000 has turned a waterlogged area into a habitable one. Usually the acceptable place to call a home for individuals and families is to reside in houses made up of sleeping, bathing and toilet rooms, but in Old Fadama, residents have one room to call a home. They instead depend on community bathrooms, toilets and restaurants for survival. To pay as low rent as possible, many residents live in what they termed ‘group-rooms’, where rent is shared among the room members. The paper argues that Old Fadama stands out as a community that survive at the blind side of the state. Although, the state has neglected the community entirely in terms of formal governance, the people govern themselves informally by instituting traditional rulers which govern the community as though the people are under formal rules. The paper makes a contribution to knowledge by challenging the concept of housing as an all inclusive components of a living place. A key finding of the chapter is how local associations directly influence access to general housing resources. A relevant contribution made by the paper is how housing is regulated through the lenses of local associations. Processes for accessing housing in Old Fadama is therefore a reaction to the housing market failure.

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Science educators have for years, stressed on the importance of science activities to help students understand the theory and practice of science, as it influences everything about the life of an individual to that of an entire community. This chapter would like to do a conceptual and attitudinal analysis to assess the possibilities that the mass adoption of the small-scale equipment could afford Ghanaian students. Apart from the unavailability of science equipment and risks factors involved in using them, lack of electricity, water and conventional fragile equipment (some of which require training before use) have been found to be other factors that limit teachers‘ desires to organise practical activities for their students. This study seeks to present the conceptual and attitudinal changing nature of adopting micro-scale science equipment by analysing six laboratory activities from first year under graduate courses in Ghana. The main objective would be to create an awareness of the existence and possibility of using micro-scale equipment in science practical activities among teacher trainees, science educators and curriculum developers of science education in Ghana. This is likely to ensure that meaningful, safer, sustainable and concept-based science practical activities are performed in schools. Keywords: Science, Education, Equipment, Sustainable Development.

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This study used formative experiment to design and test a blended learning environment intervention on the teaching and learning of Communication Skills for pre-service teachers. The learning environment was designed on the Moodle platform to combine online learning support with traditional face-face lectures. Pre-intervention baseline data and post-intervention data were collected for comparison. Analysis of the findings showed wide acceptance of use of the blended learning environment. There was appreciable improvement of students’ participation and interaction in the course and this resulted in the improvement of the key areas of the Communication Skills course among the pre-service teachers. Lecturers were also able to interact with the students better than in face-to-face classroom setting. It was concluded that the design of a blended learning environment could improve teaching and learning in Ghanaian Universities in courses where large class sizes exist.